Astronomy: an interdisciplinary science that uses input from various disciplinary fields as wise to interpret and predict the phenomena of its scope, encourages questioning and observation educates, stimulates creativity in the proposed models develops spatial intelligence in the three-dimensional approach situations, places the man in time and space he lives giving meaning to its place in the Universe, and ... ... ... wonder to the senses and soul.
Insp by Queen Pintos Ganon
"Astronomy for the dignity of its object and perfection of his theories is the most beautiful monument of the human spirit, the noble title of his intelligence. Seduced by the illusions of the senses and of self, man has been seen for years, as the center of the movement of the stars, and his vain pride has been punished because of fears that they have inspired him. Finally, several centuries of work have brought down the veil from their eyes the World System. So it has been almost imperceptible on a planet in the solar system, whose vast spread is but an invisible point in the vastness of space. The results sublime to which this discovery has led to comfort themselves are well range they assign to the Earth, showing its magnitude in the extreme smallness of the base that has served to measure the heavens. Preserved with care, we increase the deposit of such knowledge, the delight of thinking beings. They have rendered important services to navigation and geography, but its greatest benefit is to have allayed the fears produced by the celestial phenomena and destroyed the errors born of ignorance of our true relationship with nature, mistakes and fears that soon reborn if the torch was extinguished Science someday. " Pierre Simon Laplace
holds much truth and depth of this paragraph of Laplace in his "Exposition on the system in the world "! (1835) Already, in the early nineteenth century, reflects the idea of \u200b\u200b"global village" and the passage of the information society to knowledge society.
knowledge supports sustainable growth, so in Uruguay must improve the production of knowledge through research, sharing through education and applying it through innovation.
Several international agencies have addressed the growing problem of declining interest in science and mathematics among young people. It also recognizes that the purpose of education is not only the transfer of skills (reading, writing and arithmetic, knowledge of the society in which we live, and creating nation of citizens, the founding contract of origin of the Uruguayan public education), but also develop the ability to think, reflect and manage information in a rational and structured. (JM Silva Rodríguez, OEI).
"Science has two rules. First: There are no sacred truths; any presumption must be examined critically, the authorities' arguments are worthless.
Second, any inconsistency with the facts must be discarded or revised. We have to understand Cosmos as it is, and not confuse how it is, with how we want out. "(Carl Sagan)
A recent OECD study has shown that the dwindling interest of youth for the subjects and careers in science can be attributed largely to the lack of appeal with the science subjects during escolarizante. Apparently, the reason would be an excessive transmission of scientific facts by teachers at the expense of science experiment, live science.
Science classes have to become more attractive to students. In social construction of knowledge production, must be added the factor of volition, motivation, passion for learning. For this reason, students have to experience their own learning as something real and "doing science" instead of "learning science." Teachers should teach what justifies his teaching is moral and real, worthy to be taught (G. Fenstermacher).
The science courses should approach the level of knowledge and understanding of students, rather than engaging to teach sophisticated concepts for students to acquire an image of science within their own cultural context.
Astronomy, as an integral and integrating space science, offers and generates an excellent and attractive joint space of knowledge, questions, promoter of cross-disciplinary approaches, in the sense that gives Morin (whose real name is Edgar Nahoun of Sephardic Jewish origin), in Article 14 of the Charter of Transdisciplinarity (Arrabida, 1994): Rigor, openness and tolerance are the key features of the attitude and vision transdisciplinary. The rigor of the argument, which takes into account all issues, is the best protection from any bias. The opening includes the acceptance of the unknown, the unexpected and unpredictable. Tolerance is the recognition of the right to ideas and truths contrary to ours.
The methodology that we practice the kind of astronomy, through questions triggers reflection and analysis, we generate tensions in the cognitive structures of entry for students who re-structuring to reduce tension and need to ask questions, formulate hypotheses, seek information, gather input (bibliographic, observational, computing, experimental ), processing, development models. "All knowledge is the answer to a question," says Gaston Bachelard in The Making of the scientific spirit (1938).
words do and do not use science. The author is an actor and student learning, no longer a matter of teaching and learning is a subject.
work in a workshop in the classroom, interactive with the other, the teacher and companion, help you grow in various aspects, working environment and attractive to real situations, far from simple and ineffective transmission / reception knowledge (Macedo, 2005). Is the real science in action, the scientific attitude, which is then applied to various situations in life.
"Ignorance affirms or denies, science questions," said Voltaire
Astronomy can generate and spark a vocation for scientific literacy through the application of the contents of the basic sciences, situations complex and collective, and multivariate multi-causal, to foster discussion and learning of science and the entry into scientific careers. The history of science, epistemology of scientific knowledge building you live in the kind of astronomy: Mathematics, from Euclidean geometry to chaos theory, physics, from classical mechanics to quantum gravity through quantum and relativistic, Chemistry, from the stellar origin of the elements in nuclear reactions, biomolecules Biology from life supports the search for habitable worlds and life.
A group European experts discussed what steps could be taken in Europe to support science teaching in primary and secondary schools. The group, chaired by Michel Rocard, former Prime Minister of France and currently a member of Parliament presented its report and recommendations in June 2007 ("Science Education Now: A Renewed Pedagogy for the Future of Europe". European Commission ISBN 978-92-79-05659-8).
The diagnosis made by the group is based on an analysis of initiatives already being implemented. From this analysis we have identified a number of elements of "know-how (know how) and best practice (" Good practices ") that could radically change young people's interest in studying science. The group argues for a new method of teaching science, which involves a radical break with traditional teaching methods, according to which the shift from mainly deductive teaching method based inquisitive curiosity could be the best way to increase interest in science. This method, in which the teacher accompanies the students helping to discover science, stimulates the ability of observation, reasoning and imagination of the student.
In 2007, our high schools, there were several classroom activities, extráulicas, extension and outreach on the fiftieth anniversary of the first satellite into orbit, Sputnik I, in 2008, we have the fiftieth anniversary of the series Explorer that detected the magnetic shield that protects the Earth and the centenary of the Tunguska phenomenon, not far from the reality of bombing of space in the history of our Earth and not the probability of global disaster in the future. In 2009 the world celebrates the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations said recently. Today we are preparing for it.
((SEE POSTER))
International Year of Astronomy will highlight the importance of this science and its contributions to society and culture. It will highlight the merits of science and its methods. Astronomy has not only been a source of inspiration for humankind throughout all ages and all nations, but also triggered scientific discoveries and inventions that have had an impact on our daily lives. In addition to celebrating the 400 years since Galileo's telescope, there's a paradigm breakthrough that changed the position of Man in the Universe: From Aristotle to Copernicus, from geocentric to heliocentric, and the displacement of man and some institutions as the center of the Universe . Our country celebrates
that year the 120 years of the teaching of astronomy in Uruguay, and a leading pioneer in the teaching curriculum of this course worldwide, with some renowned figures such as Nicolas Piaggio, first Professor of Astronomy at University High School section of the Republic, with several publications on physics, mathematics and cosmography, Enrique Legrand, who also was responsible for a professorship in 1905, produced ephemerides, calculated the orbit of the Great Comet of 1901 and was a correspondent of the Astronomical Society of France; Thévenet Alberto Reyes, who happened in the chair at a competitive Piaggio, author of several publications, constructor of several sundials, including the IAVA, whose observatory led to build the high school director Miranda when it was located in the former Sierra Street; Alberto Pochintesta, who participated in the discovery of a comet in 1947 from the Obs. dictate the IAVA and Astronomy for geography in the IPA, Dr. Felix Cernuschi (former student of Sir Arthur Eddington in Cambridge), Professor IPA founder, initiator Agregatura in astronomy from the former section Agregaturas Secondary, founder of the Department. Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, sponsor Municipal Planetarium, Carlos Etchecopar (Vaz Ferreira faculty secretary in the School of Humanities and Sciences), director of the observatory IAVA, Professor of History of Science at the IPA, just to name already disappeared.
Today, several countries in Latin America and Spain are bound to the inclusion of this subject in their curriculum of studies, we already have a good way done and we look forward to promoting Observatories, the renewal of content and methodology, making a web page attached to the secondary (http://www.ces.edu.uy/webastronomia/astro_ces), the operation of a virtual network of professors of astronomy throughout the country to exchange of experience and quick communication teachers with the inspection of the subject, and conducting refresher courses Salas-disciplinary teaching, conducting coordinated activities with other subjects in the field of science, humanistic and expressive, participation in tenders and projects at national and international levels, support materials production, selection and purchase of library materials and resources, participation in the proposed program rooms for teacher of Astronomy at the IPA, the promotion of activities with the Municipal Planetarium, the Field Planetary Kappa Crucis, the Fac . of Sciences, the Observatorio Astronómico Los Molinos, the Supporters Association Astronomy, Network Observer, The Carl Sagan Observatory of the IMM, the Observatory's Algarrobos Salto, and the Uruguayan Society of Astronomy.
We can only assess the adequacy of the number of hours that presents the subject in a single course of middle school curriculum, level 1, BD, in Ref 2006 to allow a link that leads, with the teacher and with the subject, that promotes powerful and meaningful learning by students.
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