Footballers At Shower

GENDER VIOLENCE: body image. Christmas Toys

SEMlac. - Violence against women is exercised not only in the physical, psychological, economic, legal, political and labor. The mass media, film, advertising and video clip are also spaces for the perpetuation of gender violence.

Así lo expresaron especialistas, realizadoras, líderes indígenas latinoamericanas y estudiantes durante los debates del taller Imágenes Generan Reflexión. Acerca de la Violencia de Género y su Representación Audiovisual, convocado por la Escuela Internacional de Cine y Televisión (EICTV) de San Antonio de los Baños, en La Habana, en el contexto de la Jornada por la No Violencia contra las Mujeres.

"El tratamiento que hoy tipifica a los grandes medios de comunicación masiva y su expresión en las industrias culturales es profundamente sexista y, por tanto, es violencia symbolic to women, "said Cuban journalist Isabel Moya Richard, Editorial Director of Women of the Federation of Cuban Women.

The also president of the Chair of Gender and Communication of the International Institute of Journalism José Martí spoke the role of the media as one of the most important socializing in the contemporary, which provides references to people and has come to replace, in some societies, the role of the family and the church.

The concept of symbolic violence was established by the French theorist Pierre Bourdieu as the articulation of mechanisms, images and practices that attempt to impose a world view that seeks legitimate.

"I think leaving central clarified that all social relations is structured on a symbolic level and every order is established as symbolic speech," Moya said, explaining how, in the XXI century, will continue playing roles and imaginary nineteenth century.

With new clothes, and aesthetic touches of contemporary halo perpetuates male power, while selling an image that induce women to build an identity based on their representation as objects and victims, promoting civic inertia and dismantling .

advertising and video clip are key speeches today, say experts. Sons of the globalized capitalist societies, both sell the image of women as mere objects of desire and trade.

The female body is fragmented and objectified so that it loses its essence as a human being, relegate the existence of women to the field of biology, says Gordillo Lirians journalist in their investigation "Gender representation in the current Cuban video clip" , which in 2008 analyzed more than 25 such products made in Cuba.

Gordon describes in these spaces of communication, build an image of a woman eternally young, thin, white and symmetrical facial features, with implications concerning everyday life and especially on the health of women. Specialists

draw attention to the alarming proliferation of so-called "diseases of beauty", such as anorexia and bulimia, as well as the increase in cosmetic surgery in adolescents and young adults.

However, the symbolic violence has different meanings for women in various regions and cultures. In addition to denying the diversity and the limits of the body, much more violent and discriminatory to black, Asian and Latin American indigenous, who are not consistent with their cultural references in the transnational media.

For Evelin Acosta, coordinator of the Association Wayuu-Sütüin Jieyu Wayuu gender violence is also related to the indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources.

Association Wayuu-Sütüin Jieyu Wayuu is an organization aimed at protecting and demanding the rights of indigenous peoples in Colombia and especially the Wayuu.

"If they destroy and abused Mother Earth, also violate every one of their sons and daughters, you break the spiritual contact we have with her, causing the loss and extinction of each people and culture, "said Acosta.

According to Moya, a study of the connections between the theory of gender and communication, "cultural identity is counted, so the media have to be today a space from communication studies, incorporate in their theoretical framework all the contributions of feminism and gender theory. "

The journalist insists that the analysis of sexism in the media can not be confined to sexism in language." While this dimension is very important, we must come to analyze its structural causes, "he said.

Among the structural constraints are professional ideologies, market forces, the cultural and media policies that consistently reproduce the patriarchal system.

In her article "Gender, feminism and patriarchy, feminist and researcher Alda Facio of Costa Rica mentioned, the institutions of patriarchal societies, ginope language (where language in a culture does not record the existence of a female subject), family patriarchal, male-centered education, forced motherhood, the history stolen, compulsory heterosexuality, misogynistic religions, work gendered, masculinist law, science monosexual and violence, among others.

Published by Genre with Class

Hat Is The Shelf Life Of Ensure

sexist ...

This article is 2008, but is as valid as that in the review done. Is a contribution to a little reflection.

In a charming ad Barcelona Christmas Cash Store German, dated 1935, children are drawn to interact with different toys. They wield swords, drive cars and build mechanisms. One, dressed as Indians, mounted on the back of his father, which makes a horse. As girls, many carrying dolls in their arms, one pushing a baby stroller and other cooking chestnuts. There's even one serving a cocktail of a child dressed as a hunter. Well, the (bad) news is that the current picture is not very distinto.Los toy manufacturers and their advertising agencies are committed to using the gender difference as a marketing tool at all costs such that if time had stopped for them in 1935.

The latest to warn of the situation has been the English Confederation of Housewives, Consumers and Users (CEACCU): "On Gender, persists in the narrative promotional campaigns sexist although preferably character is mixed toy advertising as a whole plays a sexist discourse. "

A English boy sees an average of 49 ads a day (this figure increases dramatically in the period around Christmas, with sessions followed more than 20 ads in each break between programs.) According Norminanda Vilar Montoya, a professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, \u200b\u200band author of the research The role of voice in the broadcast advertising aimed at children, the hype is especially critical in the stage goes from four to seven years, when personality is not defined and is more influenced. According to studies by the specialist in child psychology Kenneth O 'Bryan, the ads become an effective teaching tool for recording any relatively simple idea in the minds of children. And in that world of ideas and attitudes are integrated values. Thus, toy advertising exerts a powerful influence on the description the child becomes of sex and opposite.

The language is less powerful vehicle for these prejuicios.El of ads for girls is eminently cheesy, with superabundance of diminutives (pastries, house, puppy, piggy ...) and expressions of affection (I love you so I needed my love ...), while those for males are the dominant features augmentative (non-stop action, the more risky positions ...) and the use of expressions related to competitiveness (you have the power , destroy your opponent up ...). Moreover, while in the first predominantly female voices soft in the latter are the male authoritative tone (type Constantino Romero). "The male voice", says Montoya Vilar, "represents the authority and the strengthening of the authority, reflected in an adult voice is very important for children to decide when."

representations of the adult world of each gender nor left maimed as a sexist approach refiere.Mientras Action Man (the greatest hero of all time) fighting in the streets against Dr. X, Barbie lava prepares your puppy or "cakes and jelly" in their kitchen magic. A bipolar world whose ends are apparently irreconcilable (though today, ousted Ken, Action Man is set as the best option for Barbie) which limits, for them, they stay within the walls of the home, and for them ... unattainable, because the universe of male leisure is a true microcosm where there are many fantastic worlds (Bionicle, Alien Attack, Castle Crayskull ...).

When the wrist is not in the kitchen, appears become a sex object. Thus, the Bratz, with painted lips and eyes "as bold as you", promise their buyers shine "on the track and at night." That's right: as a good object, the child-woman in her ancestral remains passive. As shown, a button. Hasbro invites Hotline to play well, "Find out who's going to ask out, guess who the mysterious guy, the festival fun." In addition, a characteristic pattern affects female communication, that of concealment: "Tell your secrets to your friends."

is not taking a fundamentalist position, falsely progress and force children to play with Barbie Mermaids and girls Hulk (unless you want to). In fact, the problem is not so much the toys themselves, as in the way that advertising targeted promotions designed to use only one of both genders. The child marketing is a highly developed discipline (companies such as Ericsson have specific departments for research of new products aimed exclusively at kids) that sometimes borders on the Machiavellian. The toy industry is committed to gender differentiation and because its target (target) is much more defined, thus avoiding the risk of diluting the message. We must not forget that advertising does not transform reality, but it echoes. According to Raul Peralba, president of the marketing company Positiong System, "the toy industry is facing a dilemma: those who buy the toys are not children but their parents and what they want is that their children with adult attitudes, which they consider acceptable. Only a risky business, able to overcome prejudices and stereotypes, could overcome this obstacle. How? Social responsibility and thinking first of the child, what he enjoys (and not, as is done now, in the trade margin and convince the father). "Fortunately, the society moves and some manufacturers are aware of it. As Scalextric (Tecni Toys), in which new ad displayed a boy and a girl playing with the same attitudes. Why this commitment? The experience of Peralba responds: "I have four daughters and they all played with cars for the simple reason that to me I really like and that is transmitted. "

Tecni Toys

And if it has, why do not MB (Action Man) and Mattel (Barbie)? It's simple: those who buy the toys, adults would not be very according to size costumbres.La liberalization of half of the parents, according to polls, believe that there are toys and toys child own own child.

Source: http://www.elmundo.es/cronica/2003/424/1070273711.html

Custum Green Egg Table

cultural industry: a guillotine to the true role of women

By: Victoria Arguello / Genre With Class

way of preamble

To build socialism is required to undertake an important task: a glimpse of each of the problems, weaknesses and needs of the exploited masses, and find their roots in the latent structural problems in capitalist society, once made and understood, guidance is given to the revolutionary struggle coupled with the constant desire to change people's own victory can be routed to the final release.

Historically the struggle for the emancipation of women has been the purpose of paying off one of the many gaps and needs experienced by the people, which may manifest in homes, workplaces, media communication, and generally in all aspects of social life, and that has to do with the pervasive discrimination, violence, domination and oppression synthesis towards women. For this reason it could be argued that the struggle of gender is so necessary and urgent as it is also urgent to build a society that once and for all eradicate the excesses of capitalism.

From the beginning the company have plunged women to various forms of domination, some more concrete and visible and others less tangible, and although society has progressed, these forms of domination is not have deleted, only have innovated and replaced by other, for this reason to believe that sexism and oppression of women in this period have passed, it would be lulled into a false interpretation of reality. Among the most visible forms of domination and concrete can be abuse or domestic violence, the deplorable working conditions offered to women, the exclusion in the policy making and economic, social marginalization, among many others, however there a form of oppression that detailed work on a political monster called "cultural industries" as dangerous as being part of the need for the class leader (the bourgeoisie) to legitimize and become a cultural and behavioral patterns of female enslavement.

cultural industry in this area's main objective is to condition the role of women in society, and create mechanisms (media) to allow it to be convinced that is that his real role, there that this conditioning of women will inevitably pass a psychological disposition and finally a social behavior is then how far the media represent social problems and within the women's problems, they become instruments created to promote the idea of \u200b\u200bwomen subservient, subordinate to men, whose only immutable point in life is the maintenance of the home and children.

Given this role of the media, could afford not denominárseles "communication" but diffusion or projection, as they engaged in a long-running propaganda strategy that promotes false ideas about women as weakness or inferiority of Man, do nothing but design and disseminate a stereotype of women related to their reduction to sexual and reproductive function.
Advertising is one of the weapons that shoot more for the dignity of women, advertising agencies worldwide use and exploit the image of that figure and to attract consumers and subsequently increase sales in some products, while it is directly connected to the reinforcement of a stereotype of beauty created by the same industry culture that places women as objects or as part of the product to buy. Currently

advertising introduces an image of women undervalued and with a single mission: to seduce. The message we try to convey a lot of ads is as follows: sex as a reward for the purchase of a product.

also ... "the commercials are portraying women as sex objects decorative prize for the male or as a secondary character. The voice that offers security, success and great achievements is always a male voice. Even the sport, as overvalued at present, more male idols shown to promote a product that a woman athlete, having reached this similar achievements. Interested in placing women as housewives and perfect mother. Children, according to advertising, only mothers. They are coming over to the pharmacy to buy baby food, rely on a particular brand of diapers and know that milk is suitable for children. Men should not feel responsible to these tasks, habits and concerns are others are more related to the adventure, power, freedom, etc. relating to consumer products like cars, sporting goods, clothing of certain brands, alcoholic drinks, ... "(Natalia Gonzalez Zaragoza)

sexist advertising has a double purpose then, is capable of reaching both to men and women, into believing the former is a subject with the potential to make assessments on women to finally "wanting it", if it meets certain standards of beauty, and the second as the object being evaluated does everything possible to resemble the stereotype of the perfect woman ultimately be "wanted" man, parallel to this sexist advertising till a concept of success lies in being beautiful or having a beautiful woman, "which could well be called the cult of beauty.

As is common in capitalist society hide the root of social problems and make up the vast realities, the consequences of sexist advertising has caused, such as low self-esteem of women and their incurrence to eating disorders and psychological as well as submission to dangerous surgery to achieve "the desired body, have been attributed to surface issues that do not touch the substance. Capitalism has undertaken to talk about female vanity when in reality seeks to identify the real problem, which is undoubtedly the commodification of women's image and beyond that the perpetuation of this society for being at the mercy of capital can to destroy and kill the individual.

Seeing women as sex objects contributes to the legitimacy of a culture and a society that subordinates the same, not only in relation to gender, but in relation to social life in general, for this reason it is important that within approach of the counterculture of the new media tools are considered in determining social change towards the advancement of non-discrimination and a life free of violence for women.

Within the Bolivarian revolution has set out to create alternative communication models that allow the ideas to counter hegemony of capital and the empowerment to the media by the people, for it to be able to create, transmit and represent their reality according to their daily struggle that is the construction of popular power; Given this huge opportunity for the revolutionaries, it is necessary to undertake a discussion to understand how gender mainstreaming these new communication patterns; For this reason it is worthwhile to start develop a communication model in which the woman is seen and reflected as a subject of action and transformation, and never as an object.

is common to hear in the streets, and above all traditional schools of social communication, slogans such as "Who has the information, has the power", the revolutionary people guided by great feelings of love and change is understood that power, (the people in this case) is achieved only by being part of the event and being the creator of the information, it means then that as agents of transformation must begin to eradicate all over in all areas of struggle, domination and female oppression through discussion, participation and concrete action.

Source: http://generoconclase.blogspot.com

What Is Constant Maturity Mortgage?

Who's Afraid of AIDS?

Written by: Julia Rojas Vásquez

In this campaign the government has once again confused, ignorant and aggressive media violence symbolic.

The campaign-this time-from the Ministry of Health, attacks against women by establishing a relation between the fact that AIDS is a disease that manifests itself physically with a woman ready for seduction. It also insults people living with HIV, saying it's funny or die of old-and not AIDS, the relationship back on AIDS - deaths, surpassed in recent seasons, thanks to civil society advocacy. Neither

tested for HIV, or the fear of death, even to promote condom use, and lightly, ensure behavior change necessary to manage the risk of acquiring HIV and prevention mechanisms operate. The condom should be used for all penetrative sex and use must be sustained over time, just so the condom does its job. Why the campaign is a serious setback in the fight against AIDS in Chile, violently erasing everything done by civil society to influence policy prevention.

know that the critical element of the epidemic in Chile determined by the absence of sex education, lack of public policy to consider the inherent pleasures displeasures, errors and connected to the sexual pleasures. We also know that the field of sexuality is complex. There remains a symbolic violence, which states that women who require condoms are whores, homosexuals no longer used, that young people fail or purchase.

If we could access the reality of HIV / AIDS, not caricatures, or prejudice, we would know of broken condoms, anal intercourse for fear of social rejection of early pregnancy, abortions illegal, the fear of a young gay man to tell your partner to use condoms, inequalities in the power of choice, various sexual practices, in pairs, in groups, in crowds, where the risk of HIV does not loom as a problem but until you have a positive outcome.

Also, we would know that most women living with HIV today, met all expectations that the mandate required them hetero, married, had only one sexual partner and were generally faithful to that reported. Would know that many of them were sterilized without their consent, because of the ignorance of health workers should protect, not punish. Would know This campaign of insults, because even though they did all that was expected of them, living with HIV and today they are displayed as objects of seduction, for which another should be protected.

AIDS does not stop with an aggressive and repressive that reflects the perverse relationship between state, ignorance and double rigid religious and moral powers that be. How many violent and erratic campaign will have to endure before we are treated as citizens with decision? and not as children under the fear of acquiring an evil threatening Who's Afraid of AIDS? What do you fear this campaign?

know that AIDS is stopped with delivery of early and accurate information, with access to significant information for the creation of effective public policies. AIDS stops with anti-discrimination policies with secular sex education, promoting civil rights and without doubt, strengthen the work shared between civil society and state.

column written for the Centre for Gender and Equity
Source: http://www.nomasviolenciacontramujeres.cl